Germany: primary language is German — English is widely spoken, especially in cities and tourist areas.
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The primary language in Germany is German.
English is widely spoken, especially in cities and tourist areas. Widely spoken, especially in cities and among younger people, though rural areas can be more limited.
Learning "hello," "please," "thank you," "excuse me," and "the check please" in the local language goes a long way anywhere, including Germany — locals consistently appreciate the effort.
It's rarely necessary given how widely English is understood in Germany, but it doesn't hurt to have one as a backup.